A
Incretins is the plural form of incretin.
What are incretins?
Incretins are hormones released by your gut (intestines) after you eat. Their main job is to help control blood sugar levels.
The two most important incretins are:
GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1)
GIP (Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide)
What do incretins do?
After you eat:
They stimulate the pancreas to release insulin.
They reduce glucagon (a hormone that raises blood sugar).
They slow down stomach emptying.
They help you feel full.
Together, these actions help prevent blood sugar from rising too high after meals.
Why are incretins important in diabetes?
In people with type 2 diabetes, the incretin effect is reduced. That’s why certain diabetes medications are designed to mimic or enhance incretin hormones, such as:
GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide)
DPP-4 inhibitors (which prevent incretin breakdown)
If you'd like, I can also explain the “incretin effect” in simple terms.
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