UVC risk

 Here’s a summary of the peer‑reviewed report you referenced:

🧪 Case Report: 

A life‑threatening complication of umbilical vein catheter in an extremely low birthweight infant

Authors: Daniela Ester Ribeiro, Inês Paiva Ferreira, Ana Coelho, Sara Domingues, Elisa Proença

Journal: Pediatrics International (2026) — Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 

Context:

Umbilical vein catheters (UVCs) are routinely used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for extremely low‑birthweight infants to provide central access for nutrition, fluids, and medications. However, incorrect positioning or related complications can be serious. 

Key Points (based on the abstract and related documentation):

• The article documents a life‑threatening complication of UVC placement in an extremely low birthweight infant.  
• Although comprehensive full text wasn’t available in the abstract preview, malposition of the catheter is highlighted as the main risk factor leading to the complication, consistent with other reports of UVC issues.  
• Extravasation (leakage) of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) into surrounding tissues like the liver parenchyma — when the catheter is malpositioned — is one of the rare but serious consequences described in similar presentations.  

Typical serious UVC‑related complications described in literature include:

• Malposition leading to extravasation into organs like the liver — causing tissue damage.  
• Thrombosis of major veins, such as the portal vein, potentially leading to portal hypertension later.  
• Catheter fracture and embolization requiring retrieval.  
• Pericardial effusion / cardiac tamponade due to catheter migration.  
• Pleural effusion associated with malposition.  

Clinical significance:

The case emphasizes that while UVCs are common and valuable in neonatal care, their placement must be meticulously monitored (often with imaging like X‑ray or ultrasound) because malposition or prolonged dwell time significantly increases the chance of severe, even life‑threatening, complications. 

If you want, I can outline the mechanisms of UVC‑related tissue injury (why malposition leads to extravasation, thrombosis, or effusion) or summary risk‑reduction practices in NICUs.