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A recent study published in JAMA by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reveals that cases of invasive Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections in the U.S. have more than doubled over the past decade, rising from 3.6 to 8.2 cases per 100,000 people between 2013 and 2022. While GAS commonly causes mild illnesses like strep throat, invasive infections can lead to severe conditions such as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis, which have high mortality rates and may require drastic treatments like amputation. citeturn0news14

Key Findings:

• High-Risk Populations: The increase in invasive GAS infections is notably higher among older adults, residents of long-term care facilities, individuals experiencing homelessness, intravenous drug users, and certain ethnic groups. Factors contributing to this rise include higher rates of diabetes, obesity, and intravenous drug use, which can compromise the immune system and increase vulnerability to infections. citeturn0news14

• Antibiotic Resistance: The study highlights growing resistance of GAS to commonly used antibiotics like macrolides and clindamycin. However, penicillin remains effective and is still the first-line treatment for these infections. citeturn0news13

• Vaccine Development: Currently, there is no vaccine for GAS due to challenges in targeting the diverse strains without triggering autoimmune responses. The surge in cases and increasing antibiotic resistance underscore the urgent need for vaccine development. citeturn0news13

Preventative Measures:

• Hygiene Practices: Regular handwashing and maintaining clean skin are essential to prevent GAS infections.

• Wound Care: Properly cleaning and covering wounds can reduce the risk of bacteria entering the body.

• Avoiding Contaminated Water: Refrain from exposing open cuts or wounds to potentially contaminated water sources.

For more detailed information, you can refer to the original study in JAMA and related articles discussing the rise in invasive GAS infections.