P LBP

Box 10.2 Historical and physical examination red flags in children Red flags: history Red flags: physical • Prepubertal children, especially < 5 years • Functional disability • Duration > 4 weeks • Recurrent or worsening pain • Early morning stiffness and/or gelling • Night pain • Fever, weight loss, malaise • Postural changes: kyphosis or scoliosis • Limp or altered gait • Fever, tachycardia • Weight loss, bruising, lymphadenopathy, or abdominal mass • Altered spine shape or mobility • Vertebral or intervertebral tenderness • Limp or altered gait • Neurologic symptoms • Bladder or bowel dysfunction