Waterfall v Agile. IT

 Got it 👍 Here’s a clear, exam-ready comparison of Waterfall vs Agile in IT.

Waterfall vs Agile Model

Aspect	Waterfall	Agile
Development style	Linear & sequential	Iterative & incremental
Requirement changes	Difficult to change once defined	Easily accommodates change
Project planning	Detailed upfront planning	Adaptive planning
Customer involvement	Low (mainly at start & end)	High (continuous feedback)
Testing	Done after development phase	Done continuously
Delivery	One final delivery	Frequent small releases
Documentation	Heavy documentation	Lightweight documentation
Risk handling	High risk (issues found late)	Lower risk (early detection)
Best suited for	Stable, well-defined projects	Dynamic, evolving projects

Waterfall Model – Summary

Pros

• Simple and structured
• Easy to manage
• Clear milestones and documentation

Cons

• Inflexible
• Late feedback
• Higher chance of project failure if requirements change

Agile Model – Summary

Pros

• Flexible and adaptive
• Early and continuous customer feedback
• Faster value delivery
• Better quality through continuous testing

Cons

• Less predictability in scope/cost
• Requires strong team collaboration
• Not ideal for fixed-scope contracts

Real-World Example

Waterfall:

Developing software for a banking compliance system where requirements are fixed and regulated.

Agile:

Developing a mobile app where features evolve based on user feedback.

One-Line Difference (for quick recall)

Waterfall plans everything first; Agile plans as it builds.

If you want, I can:

• Create a diagram
• Give 2-mark / 5-mark exam answers
• Explain Scrum vs Waterfall specifically

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