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The Kalighat Formation is a geological unit located on the western margin of the Bengal Basin. It was deposited during the Eocene epoch, approximately 56 to 34 million years ago. This formation is characterized by the presence of Kalighat limestone, which marks a significant geological boundary known as the Hinge Zone or Shelf Break. At this level, there's a notable increase in slope, indicating a transition in depositional environments.
The Bengal Basin itself is a significant sedimentary basin in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, formed during the breakup of Gondwanaland in the late Mesozoic Era. It consists of a thick succession of sediments from the Early Cretaceous to the Holocene period.
The Kalighat Formation's limestone deposits provide valuable insights into the paleoenvironmental conditions of the region during the Eocene, reflecting changes in sea levels and sedimentation patterns.
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