These are three foundational trainings in Buddhism, especially in the Theravāda/Pali tradition:
- Sīla — ethical conduct / morality
- Samādhi — concentration / meditation / collected mind
- Paññā — wisdom / insight
They work together as a path of mental purification and liberation taught by Gautama Buddha.
A common sequence is:
- Sīla steadies behavior
- Samādhi steadies the mind
- Paññā sees reality clearly
You can think of them like this:
|
Pali |
Meaning |
Purpose |
|
Sīla |
Right conduct |
Reduces harm and agitation |
|
Samādhi |
Deep focus |
Calms and unifies the mind |
|
Paññā |
Insight wisdom |
Understands impermanence, suffering, non-self |
In many Buddhist teachings, wisdom is difficult without concentration, and concentration is unstable without ethical living.
This threefold training is connected to the Noble Eightfold Path:
- Sīla → Right Speech, Action, Livelihood
- Samādhi → Right Effort, Mindfulness, Concentration
- Paññā → Right View, Right Intention
A traditional summary:
“Sīla leads to Samādhi;
Samādhi leads to Paññā;
Paññā leads to liberation.”
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