Extended spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes that hydrolyse penicillins and cephalosporins but spare cephamycins, moxalactam, and carbapenems. ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL‐PE) are responsible for 5% of urinary‐tract infections (UTIs) in children. Risk factors for ESBL‐PE involvement in UTIs are well‐documented: recent travel abroad, hospitalisation or antibiotic use in the previous three months, or complex urological abnormalities.
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