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Based on the article provided, here are three key points summarizing this breakthrough in data transmission:
1. A Record-Breaking Speed on Real-World Infrastructure
Researchers at University College London achieved a transmission speed of 450 terabits per second ($450 \times 10^{12}$ bits per second). Crucially, this wasn't done in a pristine lab setting; it was achieved using existing, commercially installed fibre-optic cables running under the streets of London, proving the technology works despite "dirty connectors" and urban interference.
2. Massive Bandwidth Increase Without New Cables
The technology effectively increases bandwidth by 10 times compared to current commercial networks.
The Scale: This rate is fast enough to stream 50 million movies simultaneously.
The Benefit: It offers the equivalent capacity of adding nine new cables alongside every existing one, but without the massive cost or disruption of digging up streets to lay new physical infrastructure.
3. Powered by a Wider Optical Spectrum
The record was made possible by custom hardware that utilizes a much broader spectrum of light frequencies than standard commercial networks. By expanding the range from 1264 to 1617.8 nanometres, the team opened up more "lanes" for data to travel. While this may exceed the needs of average human users, it is designed to support the massive data demands of the AI boom.
Commercial Outlook: The team estimates that this technology could be rolled out for commercial use within five years.
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