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During the Inflationary epoch, space expanded much faster than the speed of light, which does not violate Einstein's special relativity because that theory's speed limit doesn't apply to the stretching of space itself.
This super-fast expansion stretched existing spacetime wrinkles, which later became the seeds for galaxy formation.
A key implication of inflation is that the vast universe emerged from an infinitesimally small nugget of space.
The energy of the Big Bang is attributed to a moment of instability caused by the GUT (Grand Unified Theory) symmetry breaking.
The universe's essential characteristics were established extremely early, by about $10^{-35}$ seconds ($\textbf{one hundred thousandth of a billionth of a billionth of a billionth of a second}$) after inception.
The theory also suggests the cosmos is expanding in regions well beyond our observable edge.
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