Thursday, 31 October 2019

P ACQD PORT WINE STAIN XSECY TO TRAUMA USUALLY

Port-wine stain (PWS) is a vascular malformation, presenting as a macular telangiectatic patch. They account for 1.4% of all vascular lesions seen in newborns.[1] While congenital PWS is an extensively described entity, however only a few cases of acquired PWS have been reported so far in the literature, with an isolated case reported from India so far.[2] Various etiological factors have been implicated in the causation of acquired PWS, including trauma, following frostbite injury, obstruction of the peritoneovenous shunt, herpes zoster infection, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, spinal root compression, solid brain tumors, and secondary to drugs such as isotretinoin, simvastatin, metformin, oral contraceptive pills, and chronic sun exposure.[3],[4],[5] We hereby describe a 14-year-old girl, who presented to our outpatient department with acquired PWS involving the right hand. The girl gave a 2-year history of multiple, asymptomatic red to violaceous patches on her right hand which she related to mechanical trauma inflicted by her teacher using a wooden stick about 10 months back. There was no other history of drug intake or excessive exposure to cold or sun. Over 2 years, a few more similar lesions had appeared to involve the ipsilateral little finger as well. Examination revealed multiple, discrete 2 mm to 3 cm erythematous to violaceous blanchable telangiectatic macules on the hypothenar eminence, palmar aspect of hand overlying the first metacarpal head and proximal phalanx of the right little finger, and medial border of the right hand extending onto the dorsum of the hand [Figure 1],[Figure 2],[Figure 3]. Systemic examination revealed no other abnormality. Due to patient's reluctance skin biopsy was not performed and based on the history and clinical presentation a diagnosis of acquired PWS secondary to trauma was made.
Figure 1: Port-wine stain over the right hypothenar eminence and extending to the little finger

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