PROLONGED DISORDERS OF CONSC M

• The understanding of prolonged disorders of consciousness has evolved along with new clinical, imaging, and physiology data, raising the possibility of response to therapeutic interventions. The disorders included are coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, minimally conscious state, and cognitive motor dissociation. Data on various therapeutic interventions are very limited. The authors of this review cover pharmacologic interventions, including amantadine, zolpidem, and intrathecal baclofen, as well as nonpharmacologic interventions, including transcranial direct-current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, low-frequency focused ultrasound, vagal nerve stimulation, and deep-brain stimulation.